A member of the crustacean family of marine creatures, the mantis shrimp consist of 400 species worldwide. Adult mantis shrimp can grow as large as 12 inches (30 cm) in length, although in extreme cases can reach 18 inches (46 cm). Their carapace only covers the rear part of the head and the first four segments of the thorax. They come in a variety of colors, from shades of brown to bright neon colors. They are typically solitary sea creatures that spend most of their time hiding in rock formations or burrowing passageways in the sea bed. They rarely exit their homes except to feed and relocate, and can be diurnal, nocturnal, or crepuscular, depending on the species. Mantis shrimp usually feed in shallow, tropical and sub-tropical marine habitats.

Although they are commonly described as shrimp, they are closer to the lobster family. Mantis shrimp are commonly found in the delicacies among many cultures in Asia and other parts of the world. When caught, some species of mantis shrimp can produce a powerful punch with their tails reaching speeds of a .22 caliber bullet.