The kind of meaning associated with elements in the conceptual structuring system as encoded by closed class forms. Meaning of this kind is not rich in nature, and thus contrasts with the meaning associated with elements in the conceptual content system as encoded by open class forms. Schematic meaning relates to concepts having to do with number, time reference, whether a piece of information is old or new, whether the speaker is providing information or requesting information, and so on. Accordingly, it provides a kind of semantic 'scaffolding' which supports and structures the rich content provided by open class forms and contrasts with content meaning. For instance, in the following sentence, schematic meaning is associated with the closed class forms marked in bold: The movie star kiss ed the director s .