Cell biology

Cell biology

The study of cell structure, physiological properties, interactions with the environment and life cycle.

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Cell biology

Sister chromatids

Biology; Cell biology

Chromatids joined by a common centromere and carrying identical genetic information (unless crossing-over has occurred).

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)

Biology; Cell biology

A genetic disorder in which afþicted individuals have no functional immune system and are prone to infections. Both the cell-mediated immune response and the antibody-mediated response are absent.

Shoot

Biology; Cell biology

The plant stem; provides support for the leaves and þowers; one of the three major plant organs; also referred to as the shoot system.

Rheumatoid arthritis

Biology; Cell biology

A crippling form of arthritis that begins with inþammation and thickening of the synovial membrane, followed by bone degeneration and disÞgurement.

Reverse transcriptase

Biology; Cell biology

An enzyme used in the replication of retroviruses; aids in copying the retrovirus's RNA into a complementary strand of DNA once inside the host cell.

Reverse transcription

Biology; Cell biology

Process of transcribing a single-stranded DNA from a single-stranded RNA (the reverse of transcription); used by retroviruses as well as in biotechnology.

A series of enzymes that attach to DNA molecules at speciÞc nucleotide sequences and cut both strands of DNA at those sites. A bacterial enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific recognition sequence. This ...