Genetic engineering

Genetic engineering

The science of modifying and manipulating genes to create new artificial DNA or synthetic genes of different organisms. There are many purposes for genetic engineering, some of which include finding better treatment for diseases, or simply for discovering new organism of interest.

Industry: Agriculture; Biotechnology

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Genetic engineering

Gamete

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

A mature reproductive cell which is capable of fusing with a cell of similar origin but of opposite sex to form a zygote from which a new organism can develop. Gametes have a haploid chromosome ...

Outbreeding

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

A mating system characterised by the breeding of genetically unrelated or dissimilar individuals. Since genetic diversity (q.v.) tends to be enhanced and since vigour or fitness of individuals can be ...

PH

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

A measure of acidity and alkalinity. Equal to the log of the reciprocal of the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution, expressed in grammes per litre. A reading of 7 is neutral (e.g., pure water), ...

Quantitative trait

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

A measurable trait that shows continuous variation; a trait that can not be classified into a few discrete classes.

Co-variance

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

A measure of the statistical association between variables; the extent to which two variables vary together.

Fusion protein

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

A polypeptide made from a recombinant gene that contains portions of two or more different genes. The different genes are joined so that their coding sequences are in the same reading frame: the ...

Polyethylene glycol (PEG)

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

A polymer having the general formula: HOCH 2 (CH 2 OCH 2 )XCH 2 OH and available in a range of molecular weights from ca 1000 to ca 6000. PEG 4000 and PEG 6000 are commonly used to promote cell ...