Genetic engineering

Genetic engineering

The science of modifying and manipulating genes to create new artificial DNA or synthetic genes of different organisms. There are many purposes for genetic engineering, some of which include finding better treatment for diseases, or simply for discovering new organism of interest.

Industry: Agriculture; Biotechnology

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Genetic engineering

Blastomere

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

Any one of the cells formed from the first few cleavages in animal embryology. The embryo usually divides into two, then four, then eight blastomeres, and so on.

Canola

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

Any of several cultivars of oilseed rape (more fully: canola oil); the vegetable oil high in mono-unsaturated fatty acid obtained from these cultivars.

Retro-element

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

Any of the integrated retroviruses or the transposable elements that resemble them.

Denaturated DNA

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

Duplex DNA that has been converted to single strands by breaking the hydrogen bonds of complementary nucleotide pairs. Usually achieved by heating.

Excision repair

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

DNA repair processes that involve the removal of a damaged or incorrect segment of DNA and its replacement by the synthesis of a new strand using the complementary strand of DNA as template.

Exogenous DNA

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

DNA that has been derived from a source organism and has been cloned into a vector and introduced into a host cell. Also referred to as foreign DNA or heterologous DNA.

Endomitosis

Biotechnology; Genetic engineering

Duplication of chromosomes without division of the nucleus, resulting in increased chromosome number within a cell. Chromosome strands separate, but the cell does not divide.