Toxicology

Toxicology

A branch of biology, chemistry, and medicine concerned with the study of the adverse effects of chemicals or physical agents on living organisms, as well as the symptoms, mechanisms, treatments and detection of poisoning, especially the poisoning of people.

Industry: Biology; Chemistry

Add a new term

Contributors in Toxicology

Become a Contributors

Toxicology

Local effect

Biology; Toxicology

Change occurring at the site of contact between an organism and a toxicant.

One-hit model

Biology; Toxicology

Dose-response model of the form P =1 - e -bd where P is the probability of cancer death from a continuous dose rate, d, and b is a constant.

Log-normal distribution

Biology; Toxicology

Distribution function F(y), in which the logarithm of a quantity is normally distributed, i.e. F(y) = ƒgauss(ln y) where ƒgauss(χ) is a Gaussian (or normal) distribution.

Dosage of a substance

Biology; Toxicology

Dose divided by product of mass of organism and time of dose. Note: Often expressed as mg (kg body weight)-1 day-1 and may be used as a synonym for dose.

Ground treatment of plants

Biology; Toxicology

Dusting or spraying of plants with pesticides by hand, by special machines, or by apparatus fixed to tractors or driven by them.

Effective dose (ED)

Biology; Toxicology

Dose of a substance that causes a defined magnitude of response in a given system. Note: ED50 is the median dose that causes 50 % of maximal response.