Logic

Logic

Of or relating to valid reasoning or the study of modes of reasoning.

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Logic

Sophism

Philosophy; Logic

Sophisms are seemingly credible arguments that are intentionally deceptive.

Argument from analogy

Philosophy; Logic

An argument from analogy is an argument that has the following form: : All P are like Q : Q has such-and-such characteristic. : Thus P has such-and-such characteristic. Thus, for example, a few ...

Affirming the consequent

Philosophy; Logic

Like denying the antecedent, affirming the consequent is a formal fallacy. The fallacy lies solely in the form itself. It has the following pattern: if p then q, q, therefore p. Any argument that ...

An argument is a piece of reasoning with one or more premises and a conclusion. Arguments are usually divided into two kinds, deductive and inductive. So defined, an argument is to be distinguished ...

Conclusion

Philosophy; Logic

A conclusion is the supported claim that is being made. In an argument one expects that a claim will be supported with reasons or premises. Moreover, these premises will be true and will, in fact, ...

Contradiction

Philosophy; Logic

A contradiction occurs when one asserts two mutually exclusive propositions, such as, "Abortion is wrong and abortion is not wrong." Since a claim and its contradictory cannot both be true, one of ...

Consistency

Philosophy; Logic

Consistency is much prized in reasoning. Ideally, one would like for one's beliefs to fit together without any contradictions. Consistency is the intuitive notion that is the basis for the ...