Hong Kong is one of two special administrative regions (SARs) of the People's Republic of China (PRC), the other being Macau. Situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour.

It obtained independence from the British rule on 1 July 1997, after Britains 99 year lease of the area expired. It now operates autonomously from both Britain and China except in the areas of defence and foreign relations which are handled by China.

Much of the landscape of the Hong Kong area is mountainous, so only 20% of the landmass is developed, with much of the remaining land legally preserved from development.

Hong Kong's chief economic activity is in international finance and enjoys being ranked as the freest capitalist economy in the world by the Index of Economic Freedom. The unit of currency, the Hong Kong Dollar, is the ninth most traded currency in the world. The government has taken a strictly hands off approach to economic development and allowed market forces to shape the industry as it pleases, with very positive results.

With a land mass of 1,104 km2 (426 sq mi) and a population of seven million people, Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world. 95% of the residents are Chinese and speak Cantonese. English is also an official language spoken by about 40% of the populace. Its proximity to China and the recent opening of its borders when it became independent has led to a small insurgence of Mandarin speakers. Up to 80% of residents are atheist or agnostic, although freedom of religion is in effect.