Ion transport that is coupled to an energy-yielding process. When proteins such as ion pumps couple transport directly to a chemical or photochemical reaction such as ATP hydrolysis the process is considered primary active transport pumps. Secondary active transport utilises the voltage and ion gradients produced by the primary transport to drive the cotransport of other ions or molecules. Symporters may use secondary active transporters to transport ions in the same direction (symport). Antiporters may use secondary active transporters to transport ions in the opposite direction (antiport).