A conflict arising when people (the agents) entrusted to look after the interests of others (the principals) use the authority or power for their own benefit instead.

It is a pervasive problem and exists in practically every organisation whether a business, church, club, or government. organisations try to solve it by instituting measures such as tough screening processes, incentives for good behaviour and punishments for bad behavior, watchdog bodies, and so on but no organisation can remedy it completely because the costs of doing so sooner or later outweigh the worth of the results. Also called principal-agent problem or principal-agency problem.