A transient localised soil property which is a combined measure of a given pedon's, horizon's, or other soil subunit's solid phase adhesive and cohesive status. This property is most easily affected by changes in soil water content and bulk density, although other factors including texture, mineralogy, cementation, cation composition and organic matter content also affect it. In situ characterization with soil penetrometer is the most common agricultural measure of soil strength, although measurements of other engineering components of strength on disturbed samples are also regarded as valid characterizations.