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Surface boundary layer
The thin layer of air adjacent to Earth's surface, extending to the Ekman layer. Thus, it is the lowest layer of the troposphere. Within this layer the wind distribution is determined largely by the vertical temperature gradient and the nature and contours of the underlying surface; shearing stresses are approximate constant. Also called surface layer, friction layer, atmospheric boundary layer, ground layer. Together with the Ekman layer it forms the planetary boundary layer.
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