General chemistry

General chemistry

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General chemistry

Permanent hardness

Chemistry; General chemistry

Water hardness that remains after boiling the water, mainly due to dissolved calcium sulfate. Chlorides also contribute to permanent hardness.

A fuel gas used in industrial synthesis of organic chemicals, and in welding, glassmaking, and other high-temperature industrial applications. Water gas made by passing steam over a bed of hot coal ...

Covalent bond

Chemistry; General chemistry

A covalent bond is a very strong attraction between two or more atoms that are sharing their electrons. In structural formulas , covalent bonds are represented by a line drawn between the symbols of ...

Single displacement

Chemistry; General chemistry

A reaction of the form A + BC = B + AC where a less reactive element is replaced with a more reactive element. For example, zinc displaces hydrogen from hydrochloric acid in the following reaction: ...

Autoxidation

Chemistry; General chemistry

Oxidation caused by exposure to air. Rust is an example of autoxidation. Autoxidation makes ether taken from half-filled bottles very dangerous, because air oxidises ether to highly explosive ...

Arginine

Chemistry; General chemistry

An essential amino acid and building block of proteins. Arginine acts as a base under physiological conditions; the double-bonded nitrogen on the end of the side chain readily captures a hydrogen ...