Human genome

Human genome

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome and the small mitochondrial DNA. 22 of the 23 chromosomes are autosomal chromosome pairs and the last one being a gender-determining pair. In total, the human genome contains the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA and approximately 20,000-25,000 genes. By understanding human genome, scientists are able to develop new medical applications that can significantly advance the state of health care.

Industry: Biology; Medical

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Human genome

Anticipation

Medical; Human genome

1) The tendency in certain genetic disorders for individuals in successive generations to present at an earlier age and/or with more severe manifestations; often observed in disorders resulting from ...

Alveoli

Medical; Human genome

1) Tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles in the lungs. 2) A small cavity or pit: as a) a socket in the jaw for a tooth; b) any of the small thin-walled air-containing compartments of the lung ...

Anxiety

Medical; Human genome

1) Feeling of distress or apprehension whose source is unknown. 2) Vague uneasy feeling of discomfort or dread accompanied by an autonomic response (the source often nonspecific or unknown to the ...

Anaesthetics

Medical; Human genome

1) Agents that are capable of inducing a total or partial loss of sensation, especially tactile sensation and pain. They may act to induce general anesthesia, in which an unconscious state is ...

Alternative splicing

Medical; Human genome

Use of different exons in formation of a mRNA from initially identical transcripts. Can result in the generation of related proteins from one gene, often in a tissue or developmental stage specific ...

Amyloid plaque

Medical; Human genome

Plaques consist of amyloid deposits surrounded by a web of astrocytic processes, swollen neurites, and neuron terminals; seen in the cerebral cortex in Alzheimer's disease.

Adipose tissue

Medical; Human genome

1) Dense irregular connective tissue, which predominantly consists of adipocytes. 2) Connective tissue in which fat is stored and which has the cells distended by droplets of fat.