Human genome

Human genome

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome and the small mitochondrial DNA. 22 of the 23 chromosomes are autosomal chromosome pairs and the last one being a gender-determining pair. In total, the human genome contains the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA and approximately 20,000-25,000 genes. By understanding human genome, scientists are able to develop new medical applications that can significantly advance the state of health care.

Industry: Biology; Medical

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Human genome

Genotype

Medical; Human genome

1) The genetic constitution of an organism or cell; also refers to the specific set of alleles inherited at a locus 2) A genotype is an individual's collection of genes. The term also can refer to ...

Genomic library

Medical; Human genome

1) A form of gene library containing the complete DNA sequences present in the genome of a given organism. It contrasts with a cDNA library which contains only sequences utilised in protein coding ...

Giant cell

Medical; Human genome

An unusually large cell; especially: a large multinucleate often phagocytic cell (as those characteristic of tubercular lesions, various sarcomas, or the megakaryocytes of the red marrow. )

End-stage renal disease

Medical; Human genome

1) Chronic, irreversible renal failure. 2) An irreversible and usually progressive reduction in renal function in which both kidneys have been damaged by a variety of diseases to the extent that ...

Germline mutation

Medical; Human genome

1) The presence of an altered gene within the egg and sperm (germ cell) such that the altered gene can be passed to subsequent generations 2) A gene change in the body's reproductive cells (egg or ...

Fever

Medical; Human genome

1) An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process. 2) Abnormal high body temperature. 3) The elevation of the body's temperature above the upper limit of ...

Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act

Medical; Human genome

The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) is federal legislation that makes it unlawful to discriminate against individuals on the basis of their genetic profiles in regard to health ...