Particle physics

Particle physics

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Particle physics

Parton

Physics; Particle physics

The constituents of protons and neutrons are quarks, gluons and anti-quarks. They are collectively known as partons.

Parton distribution functions

Physics; Particle physics

These functions parameterize the composition (quarks, anti-quarks and gluons) of various hadrons. They describe the probability of finding a given constituent with a given momentum.

Photon

Physics; Particle physics

The gauge boson that mediates the force of electromagnetism. The photon is the quantum of light.

Pions

Physics; Particle physics

Pions are the lightest mesons. They are composed of up quarks, down quarks, and their anti-quark counterparts. Pions of charge +1, -1, and 0 are denoted pi + , pi - , and pi 0 , respectively.

If neutrinos have mass, it is possible for them to convert from one flavour to another, and back again. This process is known as neutrino oscillation. If neutrinos oscillate from a flavour that is ...

Neutron

Physics; Particle physics

One of the constituents of atoms. Along with the proton, the neutron is found in the nuclei (centers) of atoms. Neutrons have no electric charge, and are composed of two down quarks and an up quark.