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charge coupled device (CCD)

Semiconductor device made of a matrix (or lines) of individual photosensitive elements, called pixels. The optics focus the scene onto the matrix and each pixel accumulates an electric charge proportional to the local intensity of received light and to the integration time. At read out time, all charges are transferred at the same time to an output matrix protected from light, where a sequential reading may take place while a new picture starts integrating. The output matrix size is half that of the sensitive matrix size for interlaced mode CCDs, and the same size for progressive scan CCDs.

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charge-coupled device (CCD)
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