1) analysing DNA to look for a genetic alteration that may indicate an increased risk for developing a specific disease or disorder.

2) analysing an individual's genetic material to determine predisposition to a particular health condition or to confirm a diagnosis of genetic disease.

3) Examining a sample of blood or other body fluid or tissue for biochemical, chromosomal, or genetic markers that indicate the presence or absence of genetic disease.

4) Genetic testing is the use of a laboratory test to look for genetic variations associated with a disease. The results of a genetic test can be used to confirm or rule out a suspected genetic disease or to determine the likelihood of a person passing on a mutation to their offspring. Genetic testing may be performed prenatally or after birth. Ideally, a person who undergoes a genetic test will discuss the meaning of the test and its results with a genetic counselor.