(1) Traditionally, testimony that is given by a witness who relates not what he or she knows personally but, rather, what others have said; this testimony is therefore dependent on the credibility of someone other than the witness. Such testimony is generally inadmissible under the Federal Rules of Evidence. (2) A statement of conduct made by a witness outside the presence of the trier of fact, with no opportunity for cross-examination by the opposition. There are certain exceptions to the hearsay exclusion that are based on indicators of reliability attending such declarations or conduct, and that make them admissible as evidence at trial.