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Linkage disequilibrium

In genetics, the more-frequent-than-random occurrence together of two genetic loci within an individual. This may be due to their proximity on the same chromosome, to selective pressure on their common occurrence, or to close proximity on a chromosome of one locus with a second which is selected to occur with a third. The likelihood that a recombinant event can separate the two traits decreases with their increasing proximity on the chromosome. Linkage analysis is used to locate an unknown gene for a particular phenotype, often an inherited disease, by finding a closely linked genetic marker whose location is known. Association analysis is similar; it compares the frequencies of the different alleles at a specific locus with a range of phenotypes.

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