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Standard state

For solutions in general, the conditions under which thermodynamic properties of a solute are defined, namely 1M. The properties of the solution are those extrapolated from very dilute solutions. In biochemistry the standard state is defined for (H+)=10-7M (pH 7), and thermodynamic properties of all other ionising species are defined for a total of all protonated and deprotonated species of 1M.

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