Human genome

Human genome

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome and the small mitochondrial DNA. 22 of the 23 chromosomes are autosomal chromosome pairs and the last one being a gender-determining pair. In total, the human genome contains the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA and approximately 20,000-25,000 genes. By understanding human genome, scientists are able to develop new medical applications that can significantly advance the state of health care.

Industry: Biology; Medical

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Human genome

Gingiva

Medical; Human genome

1) Oral tissue surrounding and attached to teeth. 2) The mucous membrane-covered tissue of the jaws that surrounds the bases of the teeth. 3) Of or relating to the gums.

Gap junctions

Medical; Human genome

1) connexions between cells which allow passage of small molecules and electric current. Gap junctions were first described anatomically as regions of close apposition between cells with a narrow ...

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

Medical; Human genome

The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Medical; Human genome

1)The virus isolated and recognised as the etiologic agent of AIDS. HIV-1 is classified as a lentivirus, a subtype of retroviruses. 2) Human immunodeficiency virus, the cause of acquired ...

Hemostasis

Medical; Human genome

1) The process which spontaneously arrests the flow of blood from vessels carrying blood under pressure. It is accomplished by contraction of the vessels, adhesion and aggregation of formed blood ...

Growth hormone

Medical; Human genome

1) Polypeptide that is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland; affects protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism; stimulates mitosis, cell differentiation and cell growth. 2) A peptide hormone ...

Hyperphagia

Medical; Human genome

1) Ingestion of a greater than optimal quantity of food. 2) Abnormally increased appetite for food frequently associated with injury to the hypothalamus.