Human genome

Human genome

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome and the small mitochondrial DNA. 22 of the 23 chromosomes are autosomal chromosome pairs and the last one being a gender-determining pair. In total, the human genome contains the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA and approximately 20,000-25,000 genes. By understanding human genome, scientists are able to develop new medical applications that can significantly advance the state of health care.

Industry: Biology; Medical

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Human genome

Cytoskeleton

Medical; Human genome

The network of filaments, tubules, and interconnecting filamentous bridges which give shape, structure, and organisation to the cytoplasm.

Disease-causing mutation

Medical; Human genome

A gene alteration that causes or predisposes an individual to a specific disease.

Digestive

Medical; Human genome

1) Relating to or functioning in digestion (digestive processes). 2) Having the power to cause or promote digestion (digestive enzymes).

Exon scanning

Medical; Human genome

The process by which certain exons (coding regions within a gene), under highest suspicion to contain a specific mutation, are subjected to testing via conformation sensitive gel electrophoresis ...

DNA replication

Medical; Human genome

1) The process by which a DNA molecule is duplicated. 2) The use of existing DNA as a template for the synthesis of new DNA strands. In humans and other eukaryotes, replication occurs in the cell ...

Endometrium

Medical; Human genome

1) The mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. The endometrium undergoes cyclic changes that characterise menstruation. ...

Fanconi syndrome

Medical; Human genome

A disorder of reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney characterised especially by the presence of glucose, amino acids, and phosphates in the urine.