Human genome

Human genome

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome and the small mitochondrial DNA. 22 of the 23 chromosomes are autosomal chromosome pairs and the last one being a gender-determining pair. In total, the human genome contains the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA and approximately 20,000-25,000 genes. By understanding human genome, scientists are able to develop new medical applications that can significantly advance the state of health care.

Industry: Biology; Medical

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Human genome

Hotspot mutation region

Medical; Human genome

DNA sequences of high susceptibility to mutation due to some inherent instability, tendency toward unequal crossing over, or chemical predisposition to single nucleotide substitutions; region where ...

Hemolytic anaemia

Medical; Human genome

1) anaemia due to decreased life span of erythrocytes. 2) anaemia caused by excessive destruction (as in chemical poisoning, infection, or sickle-cell anemia) of red blood cells.

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Medical; Human genome

1) A syndrome resulting from the acquired deficiency of cellular immunity caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is characterised by the reduction of the Helper T-lymphocytes in the ...

Amyloidosis

Medical; Human genome

1) A group of sporadic, familial and/or inherited, degenerative, and infectious disease processes, linked by the common theme of abnormal protein folding and deposition. As the amyloid deposits ...

Acetylcholine

Medical; Human genome

1) A neurotransmitter. Acetylcholine in vertebrates is the major transmitter at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector ...

Androgens

Medical; Human genome

1) Compounds that interact with androgen receptors in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of testosterone. Depending on the target tissues, androgenic effects can be on sexual ...

Adenosine diphosphate

Medical; Human genome

1) Adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position that is converted to ATP for energy for storage. 2) A nucleotide C10H15N5O10P2 composed of ...