Human genome

Human genome

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome and the small mitochondrial DNA. 22 of the 23 chromosomes are autosomal chromosome pairs and the last one being a gender-determining pair. In total, the human genome contains the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA and approximately 20,000-25,000 genes. By understanding human genome, scientists are able to develop new medical applications that can significantly advance the state of health care.

Industry: Biology; Medical

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Human genome

Hyperostosis

Medical; Human genome

Increase in the mass of bone per unit volume.

Achromatopsia

Medical; Human genome

1) Severely deficient colour perception, typically with monochromacy and reduced visual acuity. The atypical form can include normal visual acuity with pseudomonochromacy. 2) A visual defect marked ...

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Medical; Human genome

A substance present in all living cells that provides energy for many metabolic processes and is involved in making RNA. ATP made in the laboratory is being studied in patients with advanced solid ...

Apolipoprotein A-I

Medical; Human genome

The major protein component of high density lipoproteins. It is instrumental in promoting efflux of cholesterol from extrahepatic tissue to the liver where it is metabolised and excreted from the ...

Acids

Medical; Human genome

Substances whose aqueous solutions are characterised by a sour taste, the ability to turn blue litmus red, and the ability to react with bases and certain metals to form salts; yields hydrogen ions ...

Amyloid

Medical; Human genome

1) A nonnitrogenous starchy food. 2) A waxy translucent substance consisting of protein in combination with polysaccharides that is deposited in some animal organs and tissue under abnormal ...

Aneuploidy

Medical; Human genome

The occurrence of one or more extra or missing chromosomes leading to an unbalanced chromosome complement, or, any chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the haploid number.