Human genome

Human genome

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome and the small mitochondrial DNA. 22 of the 23 chromosomes are autosomal chromosome pairs and the last one being a gender-determining pair. In total, the human genome contains the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA and approximately 20,000-25,000 genes. By understanding human genome, scientists are able to develop new medical applications that can significantly advance the state of health care.

Industry: Biology; Medical

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Human genome

Cochlear implant

Medical; Human genome

Electrical stimulators that apply stimuli to the cochlea. These stimulators consist of an electrode array that is surgically inserted in one cochlea, a receiver that is implanted in the skull near ...

Cofactor

Medical; Human genome

1) Any nonprotein substance required by a protein for biological activity, such as prosthetic groups of coenzymes, which are not consumed in the process and are found unchanged at the end of the ...

Ciliary body

Medical; Human genome

1) A ring of tissue extending from the scleral spur to the ora serrata of the retina. It consists of the uveal portion and the epithelial portion. The ciliary muscle is in the uveal portion and the ...

Computed tomography

Medical; Human genome

A CT scan. A series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body taken from different angles; the pictures are created by a computer linked to an x-ray machine. Also called computerised tomography ...

Colonoscopy

Medical; Human genome

An examination of the inside of the colon using a thin, lighted tube, called a colonoscope, inserted into the rectum. Samples of tissues may be collected for examination under a microscope.

Cerebellum

Medical; Human genome

The portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the brain stem. The cerebellum controls balance for walking and standing, and other complex motor functions.

Channelopathies

Medical; Human genome

A variety of neuromuscular conditions resulting from mutations in ion channels manifesting as episodes of epilepsy; headache disorders; and dyskinesias.