Human genome

Human genome

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome and the small mitochondrial DNA. 22 of the 23 chromosomes are autosomal chromosome pairs and the last one being a gender-determining pair. In total, the human genome contains the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA and approximately 20,000-25,000 genes. By understanding human genome, scientists are able to develop new medical applications that can significantly advance the state of health care.

Industry: Biology; Medical

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Human genome

Family history

Medical; Human genome

1) The genetic relationships and medical history of a family; when represented in diagram form using standardised symbols and terminology, usually referred to as a pedigree 2) A record of a person's ...

Gene therapy

Medical; Human genome

1) Experimental treatment of a genetic disorder by replacing, supplementing, or manipulating the expression of abnormal genes with normally functioning genes 2) An experimental procedure aimed at ...

Fungus

Medical; Human genome

A plant-like organism that does not make chlorophyll. Mushrooms, yeasts, and moulds are examples. The plural is fungi.

Fatty liver

Medical; Human genome

1) Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of triglycerides, either as a single large droplet ...

Gene expression

Medical; Human genome

1) The process by which a gene's coded information is translated into the structures present and operating in the cell (either proteins or RNAs). 2) Gene expression is the process by which the ...

Gene dosage

Medical; Human genome

The number of copies of a given gene present in a cell or nucleus. An increase in gene dosage can result in the formation of higher levels of gene product, provided that the gene is not subject to ...

Frameshift mutation

Medical; Human genome

1) An insertion or deletion involving a number of base pairs that is not a multiple of three and consequently disrupts the triplet reading frame, usually leading to the creation of a premature ...