Human genome

Human genome

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome and the small mitochondrial DNA. 22 of the 23 chromosomes are autosomal chromosome pairs and the last one being a gender-determining pair. In total, the human genome contains the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA and approximately 20,000-25,000 genes. By understanding human genome, scientists are able to develop new medical applications that can significantly advance the state of health care.

Industry: Biology; Medical

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Human genome

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation

Medical; Human genome

A procedure in which a person receives blood-forming stem cells (cells from which all blood cells develop) from a genetically similar, but not identical, donor. This is often a sister or brother, ...

Allele-specific oligonucleotide testing

Medical; Human genome

The detection of a specific mutation using a synthetic segment of DNA approximately 20 base pairs in length (an oligonucleotide) that binds to and hence identifies the complementary sequence in a DNA ...

Aplastic anaemia

Medical; Human genome

Anaemia that is characterised by defective function of the blood-forming organs (as the bone marrow) and is caused by toxic agents (as chemicals or X-rays) or is idiopathic in origin -- called also ...

Anticodon

Medical; Human genome

The sequential set of three nucleotides in transfer RNA that interacts with its complement in messenger RNA, the codon, during translation in the ribosome.