Human genome

Human genome

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome and the small mitochondrial DNA. 22 of the 23 chromosomes are autosomal chromosome pairs and the last one being a gender-determining pair. In total, the human genome contains the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA and approximately 20,000-25,000 genes. By understanding human genome, scientists are able to develop new medical applications that can significantly advance the state of health care.

Industry: Biology; Medical

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Human genome

Haplotype

Medical; Human genome

1) A haplotype is a set of DNA variations, or polymorphisms, that tend to be inherited together. A haplotype can refer to a combination of alleles or to a set of single nucleotide polymorphisms ...

Hydrolase

Medical; Human genome

1) Any member of the class of enzymes that catalyse the cleavage of the substrate and the addition of water to the resulting molecules, e.g., esterases, glycosidases (glycoside hydrolases), lipases, ...

Hepatitis

Medical; Human genome

1) Inflammation of the liver and liver disease involving degenerative or necrotic alterations of hepatocytes. 2) Disease of the liver causing inflammation. Symptoms include an enlarged liver, ...

Apoptosis

Medical; Human genome

1) A normal series of events in a cell that leads to its death. 2) Programmed cell death, the body's normal method of disposing of damaged, unwanted, or unneeded cells. 3) Apoptosis is the ...

Alpha helix

Medical; Human genome

A right-handed spiral conformation; the a-helix has a pitch of 5. 4 A and has 3. 6 amino acid residues per turn; every main chain C=O and N-H group is hydrogen-bonded to a peptide bond 4 residues ...

Antigens

Medical; Human genome

1) Substances that are recognised by the immune system and induce an immune reaction. 2) Substances that cause the immune system to make a specific immune response. 3) Substances such as ...

Arthritis

Medical; Human genome

1) Inflammation of joints due to infectious, metabolic, or constitutional causes; also: a specific arthritic condition (as gouty arthritis or psoriatic arthritis). 2) A disease that causes ...