20 Terms
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Molecular biology
Industry: Biology
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Molecular biology
Isoelectric focusing (IEF)
Biology; Biochemistry
A technique to separate proteins by their isoelectric points. Proteins are electrophoresed through a gel that has imposed upon it a pH gradient stabilised by the inclusion of polyampholytes, which ...
Density-gradient centrifugation
Biology; Biochemistry
A technique to separate and/or characterise a macromolecule by high-speed centrifugation in a density gradient formed by the concentration gradient of a solute such as CsCl or sucrose. The ...
Model substrate
Biology; Biochemistry
A synthetic substrate that often contains only the minimum necessary features to satisfy the specificity of the enzyme, but sometimes incorporates chemical features to facilitate detection of enzyme ...
Thiosulphate shunt
Biology; Biochemistry
A pathway for anaerobic metabolism of sulphide by bacteria, e.g. in marine sediments; thiosulphate (S 2 O 3 2- ) is an intermediate between sulphide (S 2- ) and sulphate (SO 4 2- ) in reduction to ...
Specific linking difference
Biology; Biochemistry
A quantitative measure of the degree of supercoiling of a DNA molecule. The value, σ or λ, equals (L-L o )/L o , where L o is the linking number of the relaxed double-stranded DNA molecule and L is ...
Superhelical density
Biology; Biochemistry
A quantitative measure of the degree of supercoiling of a DNA molecule. The value, σ or λ, equals (L-L o )/L o , where L o is the linking number of the relaxed double-stranded DNA molecule and L is ...
Halt
Biology; Biochemistry
The cessation of transcription due to the absence of a nucleoside triphosphate substrate (in describing the action of RNA polymerase). This is contrasted with arrest, the cessation of transcription ...
