Molecular biology

Molecular biology

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Molecular biology

Glycosaminoglycan

Biology; Biochemistry

A subunit of a proteoglycan; an oligosaccharide that contains repeating disaccharide residues. One half of each disaccharide is an amino-sugar residue. Glycosaminoglycans include the sulphated ...

Double helix

Biology; Biochemistry

The arrangement in space of two polynucleotide chains in which each chain is wrapped around the other to form two antiparallel spirals. Each strand presents to the other the bases, purine to ...

T-cell

Biology; Biochemistry

Thymus lymphocyte, which recognises foreign proteins on the surface of other cells. The groups of T-cells include cytotoxic T-cells (CTLs; killer T-cells), which can kill the foreign cell; helper ...

The observation, first based on inspection of structures and later on experimentation, that many natural products appear to have been assembled from multiple acetate (acetyl-CoA and/or malonyl-CoA) ...

Passive diffusion

Biology; Biochemistry

The transport of compounds across a membrane that is unmediated by any mechanism and is independent of energy sources, and therefore occurs at a rate that is determined by the area of the membrane, ...

Mass spectrometry

Biology; Biochemistry

A technique for separation of a stream of large ions accelerated in a magnetic field. The resistance to deflection of the ion from its path is a measure of the momentum of the ion, and hence of its ...

Kinetic partitioning

Biology; Biochemistry

The hypothesis that in folding of a newly synthesised or renaturing biopolymer, a protein or RNA quickly collapses into condensed structures characterised by a high degree of secondary structure. One ...