Molecular biology

Molecular biology

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Molecular biology

PH

Biology; Biochemistry

A measure of acidity of aqueous solutions; the negative of the common logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration, -log(H + ). Values below 7 are acidic; values above 7 are alkaline.

AT-AC intron

Biology; Biochemistry

One of a minority of introns which have at their 5'- and 3'-termini, respectively, the AT and AC sequences. They are excised by a mechanism similar to that for the more common GU-AG introns.

Ramachandran plot

Biology; Biochemistry

A graph that displays calculated energy isotherms for conformations of peptide backbones; phi-angles against psi-angles; energy minima correspond to β-structure, α-helix and the collagen triple ...

Beta (β)-barrel

Biology; Biochemistry

A form of supersecondary structure: a structure within a globular protein in which six or more extended polypeptide strands (β-pleated sheets) are arrayed cylindrically to form the staves of a ...

Kinin

Biology; Biochemistry

A hypotensive plasma peptide that dilates small blood vessels and increases capillary permeability, e.g. bradykinin; formed from its precursor, a kininogen, by the proteolytic action of a kallikrein.

Hydrophobicity scale

Biology; Biochemistry

A ranking of amino acid residues or side chains according to some quantitative measure of their hydrophobicity, e.g. the free energy of transfer of the side chain from dioxane or an alcohol to water.

Donor (5') splice site

Biology; Biochemistry

The site on pre-mRNA that corresponds to the 3'-end of an exon and the 5'-end of an intron. The first two bases of the intron at the donor splice site are GU in most cases, but AU in some instances.