Molecular biology

Molecular biology

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Molecular biology

Adiponectin

Biology; Biochemistry

A hormone produced and secreted by adipose cells that modulates lipid and glucose metabolism. Adiponectin concentrations in the blood are inversely correlated with obesity and metabolic derangements.

Digestibility

Biology; Biochemistry

The characteristic of a protein that accounts for its nutritional quality according to how efficiently its digestion delivers its amino acids, especially the essential amino acids, to the individual.

Licencing

Biology; Biochemistry

The limiting of replication of the eukaryotic genome to once per cell cycle. The proteins that impose this effect are termed replication licencing factors (RLFs), but their mode of action is unknown.

PKa

Biology; Biochemistry

The negative of the common logarithm of the dissociation constant of an acid; i.e. -logK a , where K a =(H + )(A - )/(HA) for (HA)=(H + )+(A - ).

Technical knock-out approach (TKO)

Biology; Biochemistry

Used for the construction of apoptosis-incapable mutations. Use of a cytokine to induce apoptosis in the vast majority of cultured cells allows the survival of only those that have deficient ...

Transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA)

A single or two-strand bacterial RNA with both tRNA and mRNA functions. As part of a ribonucleoprotein complex it can rescue a ribosome that has become trapped in a complex by a mRNA that has lost ...

Charge accumulator model

Biology; Biochemistry

A conceptualization of the mechanism of the water-splitting enzyme of photosynthesis in which four electrons are sequentially removed from the manganese center, enabling it to oxidise water to ...