Racial and cultural prejudice and discrimination, supported intentionally or unintentionally by institutional power and authority, used to the advantage of one race and the disadvantage of other races. The critical element that differentiates racism from prejudice and discrimination is the use of institutional power and authority to support prejudices and enforce discriminatory behaviours in systemic ways with far-reaching outcomes and effects.

The combination of the power to dominate by one race over other races or ethnic groups that is grounded in historical assumptions and prejudice that the dominant race is innately superior to the others. Racism is a sin because it divides the human family by denying the image of God in all persons.

Racism is different from racial prejudice, hatred, or discrimination. Racism involves having the power to carry out systematic discriminatory practises through the major institutions of our society.

Conduct, words or practises which disadvantage or advantage people because of their color, culture or ethnic origin. It can be subtle or overt, intentional or unwitting.