Biochemistry

Biochemistry

The scientific study of the chemistry of living matter.

Industry: Biology; Biotechnology

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Biochemistry

Red drop

Biology; Biochemistry

The sharp decline in photosynthetic efficiency as the wavelength of exciting light enters the red region (above 680 nm) due to the insensitivity of photosystem II to excitation by red light.

Peptide

Biology; Biochemistry

A compound formed by incomplete hydrolysis of a protein, or by elimination of the elements of water from between the α-carboxy and the α-amino groups of α-amino acids to form a linear polymer.

Neurophysin

Biology; Biochemistry

A protein associated with oxytocin or vasopressin in the secretory cells of the neurohypophysis and in blood; derived from the same protein precursor, proneurophysin, as the hormone it binds.

PH

Biology; Biochemistry

A measure of acidity of aqueous solutions; the negative of the common logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration, -log(H + ). Values below 7 are acidic; values above 7 are alkaline.

AT-AC intron

Biology; Biochemistry

One of a minority of introns which have at their 5'- and 3'-termini, respectively, the AT and AC sequences. They are excised by a mechanism similar to that for the more common GU-AG introns.

Ramachandran plot

Biology; Biochemistry

A graph that displays calculated energy isotherms for conformations of peptide backbones; phi-angles against psi-angles; energy minima correspond to β-structure, α-helix and the collagen triple ...

Beta (β)-barrel

Biology; Biochemistry

A form of supersecondary structure: a structure within a globular protein in which six or more extended polypeptide strands (β-pleated sheets) are arrayed cylindrically to form the staves of a ...