Biochemistry

Biochemistry

The scientific study of the chemistry of living matter.

Industry: Biology; Biotechnology

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Biochemistry

Kinin

Biology; Biochemistry

A hypotensive plasma peptide that dilates small blood vessels and increases capillary permeability, e.g. bradykinin; formed from its precursor, a kininogen, by the proteolytic action of a kallikrein.

Hydrophobicity scale

Biology; Biochemistry

A ranking of amino acid residues or side chains according to some quantitative measure of their hydrophobicity, e.g. the free energy of transfer of the side chain from dioxane or an alcohol to water.

Donor (5') splice site

Biology; Biochemistry

The site on pre-mRNA that corresponds to the 3'-end of an exon and the 5'-end of an intron. The first two bases of the intron at the donor splice site are GU in most cases, but AU in some instances.

Adiponectin

Biology; Biochemistry

A hormone produced and secreted by adipose cells that modulates lipid and glucose metabolism. Adiponectin concentrations in the blood are inversely correlated with obesity and metabolic derangements.

Digestibility

Biology; Biochemistry

The characteristic of a protein that accounts for its nutritional quality according to how efficiently its digestion delivers its amino acids, especially the essential amino acids, to the individual.

Licencing

Biology; Biochemistry

The limiting of replication of the eukaryotic genome to once per cell cycle. The proteins that impose this effect are termed replication licencing factors (RLFs), but their mode of action is unknown.