Molecular biology

Molecular biology

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Molecular biology

Microtubule

Biology; Biochemistry

A large (30nm diameter) rigid component of the cytoskeleton that is built of α- and β-tubulin subunits and associated proteins and serves as a component of cilia, eukaryotic flagella and mitotic ...

Exotoxin

Biology; Biochemistry

A disease-causing agent that is produced and secreted by a pathogen; contrasted with an endotoxin, which is an intrinsic component of the pathogen, e.g. the lipopolysaccharide of Gram-negative ...

The change in optical rotation that accompanies the approach to equilibrium of the two anomers of a sugar from a solution of one anomer alone; also the conversion of one anomer of a sugar into the ...

One-carbon pool

Biology; Biochemistry

The aggregate of freely interconvertible moieties that contain single carbons more reduced than carbon dioxide; i.e. metabolites of tetrahydrofolate, the methyl groups of choline, the hydroxymethyl ...

French paradox

Biology; Biochemistry

The hypothesis that the lower incidence of heart disease in Mediterranean countries is due to ingestion of constituents of red wine, possibly flavinoids, that act to inhibit oxidation of low-density ...

Decorated thin filament

Biology; Biochemistry

A thin filament of muscle, i.e. F-actin, to which are attached globular heads. The S1 fragments of myosin resemble in electron micrographs a string with attached arrowheads, all angled towards one ...

Xenopus oocyte

Biology; Biochemistry

An egg of the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis; a favoured heterologous expression system that, because of its large size, can be microinjected with cDNA or mRNA and monitored for synthesis of a ...