Molecular biology

Molecular biology

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Molecular biology

Linkage disequilibrium

Biology; Biochemistry

In genetics, the more-frequent-than-random occurrence together of two genetic loci within an individual. This may be due to their proximity on the same chromosome, to selective pressure on their ...

Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS)

A variant of MS in which the mass of a molecular ion is calculated from the time of travel from the point of ionisation to the detector. TOF-MS uses a pulsed ionising source such as a laser or 252 ...

Fourier transform-mass spectrometry (FT-MS)

Biology; Biochemistry

A variant of mass spectrometry in which a molecular ion is stabilised in a cyclotron orbit and detected by the frequency of its oscillation. The consequent long half-life and non-destructive ...

Human leucocyte antigen (HLA)

Biology; Biochemistry

An antigen on the surface of human cells that consists of a generally invariant β 2 -microglobulin and a larger polypeptide chain that is characteristic of the individual; responsible for most cases ...

Transforming factor

Biology; Biochemistry

In the classical experiments by Avery, MacLeod and McCarty, the name given to the agent that caused the heritable transformation of R strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae into S strains. The ...

A-type ion

Biology; Biochemistry

In mass spectrometry, an N-terminal fragment of a polypeptide produced by cleavage of the bond between an α-carbon and its neighbouring α-carboxy carbon. A b-type ion is an α-N-terminal acylium ion ...

Linkage

Biology; Biochemistry

In genetics, the more-frequent-than-random occurrence of two traits together due to their proximity on the same chromosome. The likelihood of a recombination event separating the two traits decreases ...